Topic > Environmental intervention - 621

The six types of health intervention are identified as educational, managerial, legislative, environmental, structural and individual-population intervention methods. Educational intervention, people can act in a targeted way only when they know what to do; they are more motivated to act if they know they are personally threatened and generally prefer the truth to lies. All dimensions can be influenced by education and the knowledge one seeks to produce. (14) Meanwhile, critics argue that educational intervention implies that knowledge flows from the top to the bottom of the social hierarchy and from experts to laypeople. (15). According to this position, people act in ways that the profession seems unhealthy, they must do so out of ignorance. (16)Managerial intervention consists of changes in work practice or management. Policies or other rules designed to guide behavior at a particular site. (17) In most cases such interventions often take place in hospitals and clinics. Some examples from health services include changing rules on record keeping, second opinions or case audits, as well as deciding to implement in-service training or ongoing second opinion training activities for all staff (18) However, these types of interventions may be completely ineffective if they are not preceded by broad strategies on how administrative policies and management practices influence existing behavior. Anthropologist Judith Justice provides an important example of managerial intervention in Nepal when she described the failure of sending assistant nurse midwives to rural areas of Nepal. (18). The program was implemented largely due to international pressure and paid insufficient attention to the political context and culture. (19) Offers of legislative action cover a broad audience and usually involve explicit rewards (e.g. tax incentives) or sanctions (e.g. fines or prison sentences). Legislative action requires support from policy makers and takes time to approve and implement. (20) In some cases, legislative intervention involves a struggle between interest groups with significant reservations at stake. The legislative changes that the hospital-nested company's alternative sales tactics cause are largely due to consumer pressure. (21)The environmental intervention modifies physical space or the use of physical space, so as to inextricably link a desired outcome with a certain practice (22) the Highway Code focuses on the objective of reducing the number of victims of road, environmental intervention can change the way the car behaves in an accident through the implementation of a traffic law. Other factors also limit the use of environmental intervention because the categorical term such as place is still poorly conceptualized and poorly measured in epidemiology..