Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease that affects a part of the large intestine known as the colon and the end part of the digestive tract also known as the rectum. Ulcers form in the lining of the colon that produce pus or mucus and can cause bleeding. The symptoms associated with the disease can be minor or major depending on the extent of the ulcerations present. Symptoms of the disease may include cramping sensations in the abdominal area, blood in the stool, fever, joint pain, diarrhea, rectal discomfort, and weight loss. Suspected causes Studies have failed to understand the main reason behind the development of Despite this problem, several factors are suspected to contribute to the onset of ulcerative colitis. I suspect that bacteria may be a major culprit in the problem. “Researchers believe that certain strains of bacteria that reside in the colon degrade the walls and can cause ulcers.” Other studies have shown that the disease is hereditary and therefore may have a genetic character. Familial aggregation and the prevalence of the disease in different ethnic groups, for example Jews, support that the problem may be genetic in nature. “Although researchers are not yet able to pinpoint the specific gene suspected of causing ulcerative colitis, it has been shown that one or more genes are involved.” However, the most important cause is the immunological response of the human body. Abnormal immune system response was the prime suspect. Studies have shown that both B and T cells are involved “in the persistence of inflammation, but the initial interactions that take place in the mucosa in terms of antigen processing and presentation…… half of the article…… can opt for : Proctocolectomy and Brooke ileostomy, abdominal colectomy and ilcorectal anastomosis, Proctocolectomy and Kock pouch. Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Surgery becomes essential for patients at risk of colorectal cancer. Before then the role of the intestinal fauna was not well understood. Recent microbial research has shown that bacteriotherapy can also be used for treatment. “Infusing human intestinal flora from a donor into the colon can reverse ulcerative colitis in selected patients.” Villages. Research should be directed towards understanding the precise causes of ulcerative colitis and designing management strategies and other treatment strategies accordingly.