IndexAbstractExamples of real researchResearch tool usedIdentification of research phases in articlesAuthors' expertiseReferencesAbstractEveryday terrifying events happen all over the world and every time there are witnesses, victims and injured. When these events happen, they can cause long-term mental imbalance in the people who witness them or in those who experience them as victims. While some may not be direct victims or victims of these frightening events such as shootings, accidents, floods, earthquakes, they may not be able to cope with such events and end up developing a mental health condition known as post traumatic stress disorder (PSTD). ). Indirect victims include families and members of the affected communities. In most cases, those suffering from PSTD may have trouble sleeping, have bad dreams and nightmares, suffer from increased anxiety, and so on. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Essay Much research has been conducted on PSTD by different researchers at different levels, in an effort to better understand the condition and also to find ways to help those affected to deal with the condition. Research was conducted in 2010 by the Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress focusing on how to improve mental health by researching trauma in terms of consultation and education. Other similar research was conducted in 2007 by the National Center for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, seeking to establish the effects of shootings on survivors, their families and the community at large, in an effort to understand how PSTD attacks his victims. Keywords: PTSD, research, variable, sample, tools, phases, competence, perspective. Examples of Real Research These two articles by different researchers but on the same topic of post-traumatic stress can be defined as examples of real research based on three main factors of real research. First of all, a real research should have both a control sample and an experimental sample which are present in both of these researches (Price, 2015). A closer look at the first article on Improving Psychological Health Through Trauma Research, researchers based their research on military families and how separation during deployment impacts children, marriages, and relationships. There was a controlled study where some military families were not exposed to the research variables such as separation and deployment and the other group of military families were exposed to the research factors and then a conclusion was drawn. On the second research on the impact of mass shootings in relation to PSTD, a group of school-age students was used as a controlled experiment, meaning they were not exposed to mass shootings in any way either as witnesses or as victims; another group of students who had actually been exposed to mass shootings as victims or witnesses was used as the experimental study group. Secondly, another proof that these are real research is the fact that in both researchers have both the dependent variable and the independent variable that is subject to manipulation by the researcher. However, the researchers did not manipulate the research variable related to improved psychological health and resilience and the impact of mass shootings, respectively. Last but not least, research participants are randomly selected for both researches, ensuring thatany differences in results can be attributed to pure chance. The military families sampled in the first research are randomly selected while the students and families in the second research are also randomly selected, each participant has an equal chance of being part of any of the selected groups. Research Instrument Used Research instruments are defined as all the means or ways that researchers use to collect data and information for their research. These may include, but are not limited to, questionnaires, interviews, observations, book references, surveys, etc. In the first article on improving psychological health and resilience among PSTD victims and their families, researchers used a combination of observations and interviews, as well as surveys. to gather information from military families and members of the military. To do this the researchers went to a sample military camp and sampled families to conduct their experiments. Here families were observed going about their daily activities. In other cases interviews were conducted on samples of both controlled and experimental groups and finally a survey was conducted on men in service in relation to the effects of deployments. On the other hand, in the second article on the effects of mass shootings the researchers distributed questionnaires to affected students in the sampled schools. These questionnaires consisting of guiding questions were compiled and collected for the database. These schools included those that were targeted in mass shootings as well as those that had never experienced a mass shooting. Additionally, observation was used to analyze the behaviors of shooting victims, their families, and the community. All these tools helped to collect the required data on the variables, then draw conclusions about the study topic in both cases. research. Among the general tools used for research, most of them were used in these two cases. Statistics and computers as the most powerful artificial intelligence have been used to store qualitative and quantitative data, for their processing and interpretation. Finally, language and the human mind, the most surprising and important tools for human communication (Leedy, Ormrod, 2019). Identifying Research Phases in Articles Any good and true research article must follow a particular process or steps also known as research phases. While the articles may not follow the entire process as predetermined, at least each tries to follow a sequence to identify what must come before the other. The two research articles contained in this document cannot be said to follow the same sequence in detail, but the researchers of each have attempted to identify with the particular phases of the research. Some of the stages identified by researchers in both articles include the following; problem identification, literature review, and definition of the research population (Pandey, 2015, p. 99). For the first article, the researcher had identified the problem under study as trauma causing psychological health problems. In this case, the researcher is trying to find solutions to improve psychological health by addressing trauma through education and consultations. In the second article, however, the researcher identifies the problem as a trauma associated with mass shootings against the families of the victims, the survivors and the affected communities. This was the research topic for this article. To better understand the study topic, the researchers went back to look for other articles by