IndexIntroductionThe context of Braverman and Henry FordDeskilling in capitalist societyScientific managementCritics of skilling and deskilling influenced by BravermanGlobal changes and the development of Post-FordismConclusionList of references IntroductionThe purpose of this assignment is to critically discuss the notion of skilling and de-skilling explained by Braverman and Henry Ford, regarding rapid global changes and developments in the capitalist state. A little bit of the background of both Braverman and Henry, which means the beginning of everything they had and created. How has it played a role in society or globally, what difference has it made to people and production companies. The essay also examines the impact of skills and deskilling, changes in global change and development. And the skilling and de-skilling approach and the criticism aimed at Braverman's work. But the assignment focuses more on deskilling, especially according to Braverman's theory with Taylorism in capitalist society. The essay examines scientific management because scientific management and Taylorism are most likely the same thing and go hand in hand. Taylorism and scientific management are theories that intend to exert the greatest possible control over work, both affect work unlike Fordism, Fordism has an impact on production. While there are skills and deskilling, the task focuses more on de-killing. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essayThe background of Braverman and Henry FordBraverman and Henry Ford explored the notion of skilling and de-skilling in its broadest scope once they cut off the readings of Marx which underpins the theory of work method. Henry Ford was the founder of the Ford Motor Company, he was also the sponsor of mass production. He was an American industrialist, Henry invented the ideology or term called or known as Fordism. Fordism is haphazard production of inexpensive goods combined with high wages for workers. Fordism is primarily a kind of corporate production system, commonly referred to as manufacturing, which was introduced by Henry Ford during the first two decades of the 20th century. During this period Fordism adhered to an ideology of unitary social control that regarded unions as an excess but, under pressure from employees and the state, eventually recognized the legitimacy of the union example and accepted a doctrinal compromise. Fordism is also associated with a national economy characterized by mass consumption through sharing the benefits of large-scale production economies. Braverman is known for his work on monopoly capital, which reinvigorated a Marxist theory of the labor-capital process in which deskilling was concomitant with the division of labor under capitalism. Braverman disputed the claim that with new technologies and the growing importance of the service sector, the deskilling process would slow. Taylorism is the explicit verbalization of the capitalist mode of production. Braverman is also known for publishing a book on capitalism and monopoly. Deskilling in Capitalist Society Braverman explains deskilling as something that requires a formal definition of skill. It states that skill is made up of technical components that can be examined and observed. As mentioned above, deskilling is a process in which skilled labor within the economy is eliminatedfrom the introduction of technology operated by semi-skilled or unskilled labour, for example working in a position where it is not suited to your position, for example working as a cashier yet you are a qualified accountant but due to job demand and takeover of technological machines. Marx sees technical deskilling as a non-progressive weapon in the struggle for registration: By replacing workers, capitalists deliberately seek to reduce the bargaining power of skilled workers. Train drivers can easily be replaced by unskilled workers, including women and children, and therefore have a much weaker bargaining position than highly skilled and well-trained workers. In times of high frequency, capitalists have been shown quite clearly that skilled skilled workers are critical to production and difficult to replace. Therefore, strikes provided incentives for capitalists to seek innovations in terms of deskilling; in England strikes regularly favored the invention and use of new machines. The machines were said to be the weapons used by the capitalists to quell the revolt of the skilled workers. Basically, deskilling in capitalist society has brought about many changes, not just changes. but evolutionary changes in scientific management. Braverman in his thesis stated that specialization leads to deskilling, meaning that the skills required in a job are questionable and not that specialization indicates whether the job is more skilled or less. For example, the difference between a medical specialist and a nurse, both in the same department but in different positions, does not compromise job qualifications. Deskilling is more like limiting people to do what they are good at, not because they are unskilled or don't meet the requirements, but job opportunities are very scarce, which forces them to take whatever comes their way. For example, a qualified accountant working at Shoprite as a cashier knowing exactly that she didn't want to be a cashier but due to the technical machines that are slowly taking over people's jobs, people end up being deskilled due to the technological machines she hires positions and performs work that should have been performed by qualified individuals. On the other side of the economy, entrepreneurs rejoice because they send less money to pay employers, that's why they keep replacing their employees and their employees become deskilled. Strict control can lead to significant deskilling when workers work in an environment that is not friendly or do something they don't like, but do it just for the fun of it. It can also lead to the financial failure of the company. Deskilling took place during the period of industrial capitalism. Scientific Management Scientific Management is a management theory that analyzes work flow. The purpose of scientific management is to make sure that the economy is improving in the workplace, but in this content scientific management and Taylorism are practically the same thing, especially when Braverman and Henry explain both theories. The idea of ​​scientific management was built during the time of capitalism in America, before the Great Depression occurred. It was also developed during the era of the capitalist explosive system and the bureaucracy was objectified on maximizing production results with minimal costs. However, because of this, work tends to be commoditized and knowledge is centralized in planning departments. All processes and structurestaxes have led to the deskilling of workers, which includes the concept of simplification and standardization of the tools and tasks entrusted to workers. Scientific management as it is has its principles. The first principle is called 'separation of the work process from the skills of the workers'; the work process was believed to be independent of the technicality of the work including knowledge (Staples, 1993). Scientific management is also about creating new laws and rules, trying to prove some points or facts that have been developed. Critics of skilling and de-skilling influenced by Braverman His work is criticized but has been adopted by many departments, companies and even educational institutions are applying Braverman's work, because he is very influential and his theories have been put into practice. But people will always find flaws and little cracks in everything a person does, which means that Braverman's effort is not highly appreciated. Some researchers have criticized Braverman's theories to show that some managers have even imposed some of the things introduced by Braverman, changed them without letting their employees question them and it is final. Friedman (1977) argues that where workers' revolt is prominent and organised, it puts a lot of pressure on managers as they tend to avoid deskilling, instead, they acquire a strategy of autonomy of responsibility which has made it possible for workers to maintain their skills and responsibility. Research has shown that due to global changes and developments, different skills would be needed to ensure flexibility and keep workers engaged and motivated due to the underlying belief that workers are motivated by challenges Staples (1993). Critics of skilling and de-skilling are that some researchers agree with Braverman and others disagree not because they don't see the impact the theories have, but because they are running away from being responsible and taking responsibility for what is happening in their world. working environment. The other thing that the researcher disagrees with Braverman the most is some of the things he mentioned in his work that lead to deskilling and the loss that the company suffers when things start not going according to plan, for example example hiring people who were supposed to fill certain positions and using them to fill positions for which they are more qualified, which leads to deskilling because the skills the person has learned are more like they have gone to waste and you are working at a level in let it be known that it is not meant for you. Global changes and the development of post-Fordism Global opportunities are changes that occur almost every year, they occur not only in some countries but globally, meaning they occur in every part of the world. Earth. The development of post-Fordism is what happens today, it is the reflection of the mass production that took place in the 19th century. The developments of post-Fordism are the things they do differently from what was produced then, how they developed other things for the future and how Fordism has grown. In recent years, long ago, there have been controversies regarding the effects of computerization, data augmentation and other forms of work policies towards any occupation or field of interest. Braverman noted few industrial societies in his theory, those industrial societies are some of the global changes that happened then. That industrialization is just to name a few: Industrialization has taken over capitalism to the point where it has eliminated it. Technological progress requires a high level of skill and responsibility. The..