These are forms of type 1 diabetes of unknown etiology. Some patients may have permanent insulinopenia and are prone to ketoacidosis. This form of diabetes is hereditary and has no immunological evidence for β-cell autoimmunity. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay 2.1.1.2 Type 2 diabetes mellitus or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is the most common (Manohar et al., 2002) and a much more prevalent type accounting for 90%-95% of cases in where the body does not produce enough insulin or does not use it correctly (Li et al., 2004). It is a heterogeneous disease characterized by insulin resistance associated with impaired insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells (Kahn, 2008). It is caused by a combination of resistance to insulin action and an inadequate compensatory insulin secretory response (WHO, 2013).2.1.1.3 Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)Gestational diabetes occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels (WHO, 2013). GDM is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) resembles type 2 diabetes in several respects, involving a combination of relatively inadequate insulin secretion and responsiveness. It occurs in approximately 2-10% of all pregnancies and may improve or disappear after delivery (NDIC, 2011). However, after pregnancy, approximately 5-10% of women with gestational diabetes develop diabetes mellitus, most commonly type 2 later in life (NDIC, 2011).2.1.1.4 Other specific types of diabetes Impaired glucose tolerance ( IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) The Expert Committee (ECDCDM, 2003) has recognized an intermediate group of subjects whose glucose levels, although not meeting the criteria for diabetes, are too high to be considered normal. IFG and IGT are associated with metabolic syndrome, which includes obesity (particularly abdominal or visceral obesity), high triglyceride and/or low HDL dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Metabolic syndrome (also known as syndrome X). of abnormalities in which insulin-resistant diabetes (type 2 diabetes) is almost always present together with hypertension (high blood pressure), high blood fat levels (increased serum lipids, predominantly increased LDL cholesterol, decreased HDL cholesterol and increased triglycerides), central obesity and abnormalities in blood coagulation and inflammatory responses. Increased rates of cardiovascular disease are associated with metabolic syndrome. Prediabetes Please note: This is just one example. Get a custom paper from our expert writers now. Get a Custom Essay Indicates a condition that occurs when a patient's blood glucose level is higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 DM. Patients with IFG (impaired fasting glucose) and/ or IGT (impaired glucose tolerance) are now referred to as “pre-diabetes,” indicating the relatively high risk of developing diabetes in these patients. Prediabetes increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, or stroke. Prediabetes can typically be reversed (without insulin or medications) by lifestyle changes, such as losing a modest amount of weight and increasing physical activity levels. Weight loss can prevent, or at least delay the onset of type diabetes 2.