IndexMain findings and implicationsDataResearch methodsCommentsAlthough media freedom is considered the foundation of modern democracy, there is evidence that media control is crucial to the autocratic system due to the significant social influence of propaganda and support for the regime. China, as the largest autocracy and newspaper market, is considered one of the highly media-controlled regions. Under the suppression of negative information and the popularity of propaganda, China's media is considered politically biased. Through examining general interest newspapers in China, including both party and business newspapers, this research presented the determining effect of economic development and market competition on media bias. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Next, the strong negative correlation between media bias and pro-market expertise was analyzed in the context of product differentiation. To reach the conclusions, first, the measurement of newspapers' political bias was carried out by comparing the relative scale of the contents relating to the Party Line, the Mass Line and the Bottom Line. Then, estimating the causal effect of market competition to media bias was implemented by adopting the market segmentation strategy. Finally, evidence on the impact of market structure on media bias was provided to confirm the influence of economic and social factors in public exposure to media bias. Key Findings and Implications Result from implementing the measurement of bias, a strong positive correlation of media scrutiny with political evaluation and a strong negative correlation between media scrutiny and economic prosperity. Even more surprising, it was found that external forces causing the existence of low-level party documents would decrease the distortion of higher-level business documents but increase the distortion of higher-level party documents. The research also found that economic competition and prosperity reduce the public's exposure to propaganda in China. The above findings could be generalized to other developing countries where the media is controlled to achieve government objectives. As long as the market provides sufficient incentives for newspaper owners to pursue revenues, the cost of managing media bias will increase due to competition. Furthermore, more aggressive hierarchical competition provides not only an approach for the pro-freedom media to liberate itself, but also a strategy for the government to prevent the decentralization of media control. Data This study is based on two data sets. One concerns the 117 general interest documents published in Chinese urban areas from 1999 to 2010, which covered 26 of the 31 provinces in mainland China, suggesting the reliability of the statistics. The other dataset is a comprehensive list of approximately 1,000 Chinese general interest newspapers from 1981 to 2011. Using principal component analysis (PCA), the contents of all newspapers are divided into nine variables, which approximately include Party Line, Mass Line and Bottom. Line. It was found that within the two datasets, 5.76 million articles ended with the Party Line, while 130,861 articles with the Mass Line and 4.12 million articles with the Bottom Line. Furthermore, considering the geographical factor, the central documents refer to the.