IndexInvestigative AnalysisRecommendations and LimitationsWorks CitedThe Rohingya are an ethnic minority group, the majority of whom are Muslims, who have lived for centuries in the Buddhist-majority country of Myanmar. There are approximately 1.1 million Rohingya living in the country. However, they are not considered one of the state's 135 official ethnic groups and have been denied citizenship in Myanmar since 1982. Nearly all Rohingya in Myanmar live in Rakhine state, one of the poorest states in the country, with ghetto-like camps and a lack of basic services and opportunities. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay The Rohingya have lived in what is now Myanmar “since time immemorial,” according to the National Arakan Rohingya Organization. During the years of British rule (1824-1948) there was a notable influx of workers from what is now India and Bangladesh, a phenomenon viewed negatively by the majority of the native population. Furthermore, after their independence from the British, the new government considered the aforementioned immigration as “illegal, and it is on this basis that they refuse citizenship to the majority of Rohingya”. Shortly after Myanmar's independence in 1948, the Union Citizenship Act was passed, which outlined which ethnicities could obtain citizenship. The Rohingya were not included in the law, however it allowed those whose families had lived in Myanmar for at least two generations to apply for identity cards. However, in the military coup of 1962, the army chief of staff, Ne Win, became head of state as president of the revolutionary council, suspending the constitution and dissolving the legislature, marking the beginning of the army's strong rule in almost all areas of the country. of the country, which continues to this day. This coup dramatically changed things for the Rohingya, as citizens were required to obtain national registration cards, however, the Rohingya were only provided with foreign identity cards, which meant that any job and educational opportunities they could pursue and obtain were completely limited. In 1982, a new city law was passed in which the Rohingya were not recognized as one of the country's 135 ethnic groups, leaving them stateless. This law stated that to obtain the most basic level of citizenship, there had to be proof that the person's family had lived in Myanmar before 1948, as well as knowledge of one of the national languages. Many Rohingya did not have such documents as they were not available or were denied to them. As a result, their rights to study, work, travel, marry, practice religion and access health services have been and continue to be limited. They cannot vote and there is a limit to how many of them can practice professions such as medicine, law or run for office. Since the 1970s, a series of ongoing attacks against Rohingya in Rakhine State have forced hundreds of thousands of people to vote. flee to neighboring states such as Bangladesh, Malaysia, Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries. During these attacks, refugees have reported cases of rape, torture, arson and murder by Myanmar security forces, most recently in late August, in which Rohingya fighters attacked police posts, prompting a crackdown military, which attracted the attention of the international community. community for their “clearly disproportionate” and violation of “fundamental principles of international law”, as well as the UN accusing the Myanmar government of ethnic cleansing. Investigative analysisSince Myanmar's independence from the British, several central governments have fought against a number of ethnic rebel groups within the country. In recent years, conflicts, accompanied by serious violations of human rights, as in the case of the Rohingya, have resulted in the displacement of millions of people from ethnic areas. The military attempts to unify Myanmar under a single territorial sovereignty with a brutal central government, while minority groups continue to fight for political autonomy. This military strategy aims to weaken the political and military organizations of ethnic minorities by targeting their civilian support base, thereby provoking armed conflicts that harm human and food security across the country, thus impoverishing large parts of the civilian population. To this day, the army remains an important political force and controls several cabinet portfolios, such as defence, foreign affairs, borders and interior. Civilians living in ethnic areas are the most affected by the ongoing civil wars in the country. The UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar says that between 1996 and 2006 the conflict generated around 1 million internally displaced persons (IDPs), many of whom belong to minority groups within the country. Citizens are also forcibly relocated to state-run and heavily militarized villages, where their human rights are severely violated by Burmese army soldiers. Due to these violations of their human rights, the Rohingya have been forced to flee as refugees to neighboring countries. An estimated 785,000 people have immigrated to Bangladesh, where they mostly live in makeshift camps, although the latter regards refugees as "illegally infiltrating" the country and has often tried to stop them from crossing the border. Bangladesh's foreign minister has labeled the violence against the Rohingya "a genocide," while Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has called on the United Nations and the international community to pressure the Myanmar government to allow the return of hundreds of thousands of Rohingya after visiting a refugee. camp, adding that it will offer them temporary refuge and help, but that Myanmar should soon "take back its countrymen." By contrast, refugees in Bangladesh have said government aid has so far been insufficient, with many saying they have received no help at all. The Myanmar government's response has so far been unsatisfactory, as stated by State Chancellor Aung San Suu Kyi. who is also the de facto leader, was unable to address the scale of the situation or condemn the unjust force used by the troops, saying that "ethnic cleansing is too strong a word to use for what is happening." The government also insists that military action in Rakhine state is a proportionate response to the violence and has repeatedly denied allegations of human rights abuses. The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) response was a critical condemnation of the violence that was committed. spreading, calling it “textbook ethnic cleansing” and issued a presidential statement calling on the Myanmar government to take responsibility for the military's actions and help the Rohingya, which also constitutes the strongest Myanmar council statement in ten years. calling on the government to “ensure that there is no longer excessive use of military force in Rakhine State”. The UN Security Council has been unable to provide more substantial help as any stronger resolution that is legally binding has been strongly opposed and vetoed by..