The terms endocentric and exocentric are used for phrases and their functions. The endocentric phrase is one that is functionally equivalent to one or more components. That is, a word or a group of words, which can be defined as a head. Usually the noun phase, verb phrase, adjectival phrase and adverbial phrase fit endocentric types because the constituent substances are subordinate to the head. These types of sentences about the primary constituent(s) are comparable to the entire construction. For example, the phrase good old Ali is endocentric due to the lemma Ali, which is a noun. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essayThe rest of the sentence, other than the head, is optional and can be detached without losing the basic meaning. The opposite of an endocentric sentence is an exocentric sentence. An exocentric phrase, in which the primary constituent or constituents do not function as the complete construction. For example, in hotel is exocentric because the constituent hotel functions differently from the prepositional phrase. Exocentric denotes a group of syntactically connected words in which no word is functionally the same as the group as a whole, so there is no definable head within the group or the central phrase means the head. The sentences have something in common which is to define as head. (Aarts, 2001: 104) Except for the obligatory element (Head - H), some other elements within the sentences justify the meaning of a head. These are determiners, modifiers and complements. Determiners occur only in noun phrases (NPs). Determiners include articles, demonstratives, quantifiers, and possessive determiners. They are not formal word classes, but functional construction elements (for example this book). Modifiers appear in almost all types of sentences. The modifier is a word, phrase, or clause that functions as an adjective or adverb to delimit or quantify the meaning of another word called head. Depending on its position relative to the head, it is like a premodifier that appears in front of the head, for example, a beautiful flower "a" as a premodifier. Please note: this is just an example. Get a custom paper from our expert writers now. Get a custom wise modifier that looks like after the head, for example, a boat big enough to fit us.” Modifiers of verbs are called adjuncts. For example, in a sentence “My mother bought a gift for Ali in London last month,” the verb bought controls all the other sentences in the clause and is the beginning of the clause. Time expressions in London and last month convey information about when and where something happened. They are always optional and are considered accessories.