It therefore relates to the marketing mix with its pre-eminence claimed by Borden (1965) for being the first to incorporate the term “marketing mix” into language of marketing professionals. It was later modified and known as the 4P model consisting of Product, Price, Place and Promotion expanded with other elements such as People (Judd, 1987), Participants, Physical Evidence and Process (Booms and Bittner, 1980) as the basic 4Ps model had become insufficient in a dynamic marketing environment. However the general 4Ps model is more applicable to commercial marketing, so in addition to satisfying the social aspect of social marketing, Malibach, et. al. (2007) introduced and suggested a new 4P social marketing model which was justified and observed as
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