Likewise, culturally competent care is essential because clients are unlikely to fully disclose aspects of their lives if they perceive their doctor to be biased, prejudiced, or not educated in their religion or spirituality (Williams-Orlando, 2012). In theory, because the Berg Assessment examines both culture and spirituality simultaneously, it would be an ideal assessment tool. However, in reality the tool would require numerous modifications considering that many of the clients we treat have some literacy