The full-time presence of law officers, although rare in elementary schools (1%), was found in 10% of middle schools and 19% of high schools (Volkoh 6 ). It was also reported in 39% of large schools with 1,000 or more students, 13% of city schools, and in schools with 50% or more minority enrollments, 15% of schools where principals believed there were serious disciplinary problems, and in 23% of schools where at least one serious crime was reported in 1996-97 (Futrell 3). With all the school violence going on in the United States, little has been done to prevent it