This can happen for a variety of reasons, including the messages we are taught growing up about policing. This not only interferes with police safety and effectiveness, but also prevents many victims from seeking help with the presumption that the police will not actually help or harm them or their families. This is particularly worrying in ethnic communities who have different traditions and fear that the police may violate them. According to a publication by the Criminal Justice Policy Research Institute (2011), community awareness and involvement of patrol officers can reduce crime and increase the safety of citizens and citizens.