The article “Neanderthals made the first specialized bone tools in Europe” was published by Marie Soressi and her co-authors in 2013. This article examines the implications of the bone tools that have recently been found in association with Neanderthal remains. Previously, such tools had only been found in association with modern humans. The findings have implications for hypotheses regarding the invention of these bone tools. The authors explore the implications that emerged after the discovery of lissoir bone tools with Neanderthals. Lissoirs are important because they are standardized bone instruments; this means that they are different from existing stone tools and are shaped by grinding. Before the discovery of these lissoirs some similar tools had been found among Neanderthals, but they did not have the same meaning. Many of the bone tools found in association with Neanderthals were simply imitations of stone tools such as scrapers and axes and were created by percussion; others found were of a sufficiently late date that the creators may already have been influenced b...