The Enlightenment is known as the age of reason due to its gradual changes or transitions from traditional to modern societies. It was a big change from faith or religion to science and intellectual reasoning. Furthermore, many societies or people have changed their lifestyle and beliefs, moving from rural to urban areas, from agriculture to commerce, from faith to reason, from religion to science and so on. During the neoclassical era, many world-famous writers such as Jean-Baptiste Poquelin known by Moliere, Jonathan Swift and Francois-Marie Arouet known by Voltaire wrote incredible stories, poems, plays and articles about the age of reason. In literature, all of them are well known for the tactics and methods they used in their writing styles to persuade or inform readers. In the Age of Enlightenment, Molière, Swift and Voltaire used the concept of "Satire", such as verbal, situational and dramatic irony to represent their message. In literature, one of the components of satire is verbal irony which occurs when the author indirectly describes his message to readers and uses sarcasm to prove his point. For example, “Tartuffe,” a famous play written by Molière, describes the life of a religious hypocrite who scams people using religion as a cover. In the play, many family members recognized Tartuffe as a religious hypocrite except Madam Pernelle who is Orgon's mother, and Orgon who is the head of the family and married to his wife, Elmire. The play contains many verbal ironies such as when Dorine, Orgon's maid, states that: "They make a lovely couple" which sarcastically depicts Orgon's daughter; Mariane and Tartuffe are not a reasonable couple (33). In one article, "a modest proposal"... middle of the paper... Candide, opposes current problems such as corruption within churches, states, disease and war, while using satire to describe them everyone. . The concept of satire was not only used in the Age of Enlightenment, but we still use it today. Works Cited Molière, Jean-Baptiste Poquelin. “Tartuffe” The Norton anthology of Western literature. Ed. Sarah Lawal. 8th ed. vol. 2. New York: W. W. Northon & Company, 2006. 10-67. Press. 2 vols. Swift, Jonathan. “Gulliver's Travels” and “A Modest Proposal” The Norton Anthology of Western Literature. Ed. Sarah Lawal. 8th ed. vol. 2. New York: W. W. Northon & Company, 2006. 289-347. Press. 2 vols. Voltaire, Francois-Marie Arouet. “Candide” The Norton anthology of Western literature. Ed. Sarah Lawal. 8th ed. vol. 2. New York: W. W. Northon & Company, 2006. 375-438. Press. 2 vols.
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