Surgery is well known all over the world as it has become a necessity for most people. Nowadays, looking good has become an important factor influencing people who are at risk of undergoing plastic surgery. Hunter, Savin & Dahl (2003) stated that “the distinction between traditional dermatologic surgery and cosmetic surgery is blurred” (p. 321). However, surgeries are not only for aesthetic purposes but also for those who have irregularities. For example, some people will seek out a surgeon after experiencing a problem with their skin or having a birthmark on their body. The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (2010) stated that 11.7 million cosmetic surgeries were performed in the United States alone. This proved that plastic surgery has gone wild over the years. Plastic surgery is “the process of forming new body structures to replace missing parts” (Lusted, 2010, p.18). There are six main stages in a cosmetic surgery process which consist of making a wise decision in choosing the surgeon, going through the evaluation, discussion of expectations, physical examination, instructions from the surgeon to prepare for the surgery and the admission to a recovery room (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1). First, before the surgical procedure, the patient must make a wise decision in choosing the right surgeon. Surgeries are considered elective surgeries and in most cases the surgeries are non-emergency, so they still have time to choose and learn about the surgery (Agency for Healthcare Researchers and Quality, 2005). They need to know that they have the legal right to choose any surgeon. The most important thing is that the patient must make sure whether the surgeon is licensed or not. In addition to this, the patient can collect information such as mu...... middle of paper...... surgery that was performed. However, patients who undergo mammoplasty, breast reconstruction, and facial surgery usually stay in the hospital much longer after surgery. In order to prevent any infections, the patient is given antibiotics. When the patient undergoes surgery, especially in Western society, sometimes it is not easy for him to accept the result of the surgery which does not correspond to the patient's expectations. This problem may lead the patient to undergo the surgery a second time because the result does not meet his expectations. Undergoing too many surgeries could affect the patient's health. As mentioned by Lite and Dillon (2007) in the Daily News, famous rapper Kanye West's mother, Donna West, was found dead in her home after undergoing breast reduction and tummy tuck surgery for removal of flesh excess from the abdomen..
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