With globalization, people from different countries may have more opportunities to communicate with each other. China, as an East Asian country, has a different national identity from Australia. To avoid misunderstanding and improve effective communication between China and Australia, it is important to find out the differences and similarities between Chinese identity and Australian identity. Dictionary.com's 21st Century Lexicon (2014) defines "national identity" as "the representation of a country as a whole, including its culture, traditions, language, and politics." Therefore, this essay will analyze the national identity of Australia and China from aspects of their unique histories and political systems, meanwhile focusing on how these characteristics influence the Australian and Chinese national identities. Australia is a relatively egalitarian society in that most people are treated equally and have an anti-authority belief. The idea of ​​equality and anti-authority originated in earlier colonial history; it was guaranteed by the political system and realized in the social lives of Australians. Disher (1987) indicated that Australian history began with a dark period when many convicts were sent to this colony. These prisoners lived in difficult conditions. They worked under the supervision of British settlers and free settlers as servants and laborers. The British colonists were the authorities who held privileges and enslaved these convicts. These inmates were dissatisfied with this unfairly targeted target. They desired freedom and equal rights for free settlers. Therefore, they fought with the authorities to obtain their human rights. For example, Disher (1987) reported that hundreds of convicts fought with settlers for freedom at Castle Hill govern... middle of paper ......7-29Dugan, M. & Szwarc, J. (1987 ), The migratory experience in Australia. Caulfield East, VIC: Edward Arnold's 21st Century Lexicon Australia.Dictionary.com (2014), National Identity. Retrieved April 11, 2014, from Dictionary.com website: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/national+identityGrimsley, S. (2014), Long-Term Orientation Vs. Short-Term Orientation: Hofstede's Definition, Lesson & Quiz. Retrieved from http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/long-term-orientation-vs-short-term-orientation-hofstedes-definition-lesson-quiz.html#lessonSherington, G. (1980), Australia's Immigrants : 1788-1978. Sydney: Allen& Unwin.Yum, J.O. (1994), The Impact of Confucianism on Interpersonal Relationships and Communication in East Asia, in L. A. Samovar & R. E. Porter, (eds.) (1994) Intercultural Communication: A Reader. California: Wadsworth Pub. page. 77-79