Understanding our dynamic landscape gives us great insight into the past and the ability to make plausible predictions of possible future events in the world we live in today. The Mackenzie Basin is a large valley basin containing three glacial lakes which have the potential to provide information on the glacial, tectonic and climatic history of the Southern Hemisphere and New Zealand in particular. The South Island of New Zealand is characterized by the oblique continental collision of the Australian and Pacific tectonic plates, forming the dominant Southern Alps. The plate boundary is known as the Alpine Fault and attention has often been associated with movement on the western side of the Alps, but more recently studies have focused on the eastern side. Upton1 writes in the New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics about his research, which mapped the Irishman Creek Fault (ICF) and the Forest Creek Fault (FCF) in the Lake Tekapo lake basin. The existence of the Tekapo River Fault (a north-south structure) has been inferred from seismic data and exposed geology. (Long '03) The ICF is a large feature in the Mackenzie Basin and runs along the Alpine Fault. This fault uplifted the Old man range and is likely to be part of a larger deformation zone, the Irishman Creek fault zone (Fox '87, Cox & Barrell '07). Over the past 5000 years, an interval for the recurrence of major events on the ICF of 1290±90 years has been determined by dating on debris slopes along the fault trace (McSaveney '91). The initial seismic surveys of Lake Tekapo were conducted by Pickrill and Irwin in '83. Seismic penetration occurred approximately 25 meters below the lake floor. They classified the sediments, which came from the Godley River... in the center of the map... the formation of the basal levels, the disturbed reflections and the orientations parallel to the ICF suggest that we are seeing a continuation of the fault within the basin of the lake on lines 4,5,6 (basement high west of motuariki basin on L5, two immersion reflectors b8 and 9, apparent dip of 30E)2) Occur along FCF strike, suggesting that basement levels and lake bottom features resulted from movement along this structure (three lake bottom levels superimposed on basement levels and folded sediments) Topographic levels in tectonically and glacially active regions can form constructively by uplift on a fault, or as ROCHES MOUTONNEES by glacial erosion or may reflect both processes. Upton proposed that these rock levels beneath the subsurface of Lake Tekapo are controlled by faults but are eroded over about 100 ka by glaciers in the Southern Alps contributing to the Roches Moutonnees.
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