Human behavior can be perceived through an infinite number of perspectives; each individual has their own philosophy regarding the subject. The question of why people do what they do has been around for centuries, and when asked the question occupational therapists often turn to theories and frameworks for answers. A framework is a “set of internally coherent and related concepts, postulates, and principles that could be used to guide practice” (Bruce & Borg, 2007). These frameworks offer occupational therapists models to choose from with different philosophies to guide their therapy. Human behavior is primarily influenced by an individual's beliefs along with his or her thoughts and cognitive functioning; Cognitive-behavioral theory provides a model to further describe this belief. Cognitive-behavioral theory is an eclectic approach to human behavior that branches from a number of concepts and theories. As the name suggests, cognitive-behavioral theory borrows principles from both cognitive and behavioral theories. Aaron Beck, the developer of cognitive therapy, plays an important role in the development of cognitive behavioral therapy, as does Ivan Pavlov and BF Skinner and their contribution to the development of behavioral theory. Although these theories play an important role in the creation of cognitive-behavioral theory, they are not the only two theories from which they are borrowed. Albert Bandura's social learning theory, Donald Meichenbaum's cognitive behavior modification, and Albert Ellis' rational emotional therapy are often cited and used in occupational therapy practice. Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy was born after observing patients suffering from depression. Through these observations…half of the article…is about treating anxiety comorbid with advanced cancer. Journal of CognitivePsychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 24(4) 294-313.Hart, T. A. (2010). The role of cognitive-behavioral therapy in behavioral medicine: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: AnInternational Quarterly, 24(2), 243-245. Lehmann, P., & Coady, N. (2001). Theoretical perspectives for the direct practice of social work: an eclectic-generalist approach. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company. Macrodimitris, S. D., Hamilton, K. E., Backs-Dermott, B. J., Mothersill, K. J. (2010). CBT Basics: A Group Approach to Teaching Fundamental Cognitive-Behavioral Skills. Journal ofCognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 24(2), 132-146. Sudak, D. M. (2006). Cognitive behavioral therapy for clinicians. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.