You may ask: What is spectral computed tomography (CT)? Spectral CT is a way for us healthcare professionals to add diagnostic value to our exams by using the full spectrum of an X-ray beam. To summarize, “Spectral CT acquires datasets at both low and high kVp settings” (Lentz 2014). Spectral CT was first studied in the 1980s, but Stefan Ulzheimer, PhD, said, “Due to various obstacles, it never entered clinical practice” (Lentz 2014). John W. Steidley, PhD, states in his article Exploring the Spectrum: "Although these exercises were of academic interest, CT detector technology at the time was not yet sufficiently advanced to separate the X-ray beam into its spectral components" (Steidley 2008). We currently have four modalities for acquiring spectral CT imaging. The four ways are; Single source sequential multiple scan, dual source sequential scan, single source dual layer detector and single source photon counting. Single-source sequential multi-scan and dual-source sequential CT scanners focus on using two-kVp energies with conventional detectors, while single-source, dual-layer, and single-source photon counting CT scanners focus on They use single kVp energy and use innovative spectral CT detectors to separate the spectrum of the X-ray beam (Steidley 2008). Single-source, multi-scan sequential imaging is our simplest and oldest form of spectral imaging. An example of this method is "...simply acquire two scans, one at a low kVp setting and the other at a high kVp setting." (Steidley 2008). An advantage of this method is that it requires nothing more than a standard CT scanner, at no additional cost to the facility. As always there are disadvantages to everything, we find one quite significant with this method. Lentz states: "... presents a meaning...... half of the paper ...... a more accurate representation and decomposition of materials and fabrics" (Altman, Ami). Spectral CT imaging has a lot of potential in the future; it's just a matter of developing current ideas into better methods than current ones. The double-layer detector method is proving promising in its investigative tests. Olszewski states: “With IQon Spectral CT, there is the ability to identify iodinated contrast within the image and allow it to be selectively displayed, thus allowing the elimination of the first step” (Lentz 2014), the first step being the absence contrast exam in advance. It goes on to say, “you have the option to remove the contrast agent after the scan…” (Lentz 2014). If Olszewski's claims are true, this could result in large reductions in radiation doses to patients, shorter exam times for patients, and greater work efficiency for departments..
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