The innovation of the RFID chip or radio frequency identification has been a key piece of technology that has been around since the early/mid 20th century (est 1938). The functions of a radio frequency identification (RFID) tagging system involve a tag and a reader. Once scanned, the antenna inside the tag picks up the radio wave and sends a response to the reader. This technology is used for both short-range and long-range identification, in the category of short-range identification, this innovation is used in practical applications such as credit cards (pay wave, tap and go etc...), identification of animals (pets, farm animals). Long range applications of the RFID chip are used in airplanes to return a signal to the radio controller indicating identification of the aircraft, long range application of the chip is used in many other systems for similar purposes. the RFID chip is used everywhere, has been and is readily available for the last few decades. The RFID chip is used by many agencies, including federal ones, and also used by municipal, state, and local agencies. EG.RFID for Federal Agencies* Border and Immigration Security* Cargo and Container Security* Food and Cold Chain Security (Product Authentication and Temperature Monitoring)* Livestock and Agriculture Tracking* Product Transfer Services military personnel* Military supply chain (supply chain shipping, * receiving and logistics)* Pharmaceutical Track and TraceReliable traveler screening systemsair tracking/IDRFID for municipal, state and local governments* Asset and inventory tracking* Firefighter location Fire/Emergency Services Personnel Location* First Responder Evacuation Services* Lib...... middle of paper . .....lter, 2001, pp. 445--456) Motorolasolutions.com. 2014. Government RFID Solutions - Motorola Solutions USA. [online] Available at: http://www.motorolasolutions.com/US-EN/Business+Solutions/Industry+Solutions/Government/Airports+and+Seaports/RFID_Government_Solutions_US-ENWikipedia. 2014. Radio Frequency Identification. [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification [Accessed: 11 February 2014]. Wikipedia. 2014. Digital revolution. [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_RevolutionWikipedia. 2014. Near-field communication. [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_field_communicationIdtechex.com. 2014. RFID Forecasts, Players and Opportunities 2012-2022: IDTechEx. [online] Available at: http://www.idtechex.com/research/reports/rfid-forecasts-players-and-opportunities-2012-2022-000322.asp