Afghanistan Afghanistan is a sovereign state completely surrounded by land: to the south and east it borders Pakistan, Iran to the west, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan to the north and with China in the far north-east. They use this land for agriculture which is the basis of their economy. However, only 12% of the land is arable and the country is prone to drought (Robson). Just like Somalia, the country has a tradition of nomadism. However, few true nomads remain today. Only large cities have a modernized economic sector (Robson). Afghanistan has been fully inhabited by one ethnic group and “Its citizens naturally identify with those who speak their language and share their culture” (Robson). This means that their loyalty is first and foremost to the local leaders of ethnic groups and they have a fragile feeling of nationalism. While many languages ​​are spoken (the main languages ​​are Pashto and Persian also known as Dari written in the Arabic alphabet). One thing Afghans have in common is tenacity and resilience (Robson). Afghanistan is a high power distance society, meaning that authority figures are often not disagreed with or questioned (Entezar, 29). In other words, “force and intimidation are used to establish one's power and dominance from the family to the presidency” (Entezar, 30). They do not respect a weak ruler, a father, a supervisor, a commander or any responsible person (Robson). This idea manifests itself in the family, schools and other public or private institutions in Afghanistan (Robson). With this goes “rule by the ruler” or those in positions of power manipulate laws to control citizens and stay in power (Entezar, 60) At home, high power distance… middle of paper. .....1994. Print.Lewis, I.M. Understanding Somalia and Somaliland: culture, history, society. New York: Columbia UP, 2008. Print.Putman, Diana Briton, Mohamood Cabdi Noor and Washington, DC. Refugee Service Center. Center for Applied Linguistics. "Somali People: Their History and Culture. CAL Refugee Fact Sheet Series, No. 9." (1993): ERIC. Network. February 11, 2014.Redfield, Robert. "Culture and Education in the Midwestern Highlands of Guatemala." American Journal Of Sociology 48.6 (1943): 640-648. SocINDEX with full text. Network. February 12, 2014. Robson, Barbara, Juliene Lipson and Washington, DC. Language and orientation resource centre. Center for Applied Linguistics. "The Afghans: Their History and Culture. Cultural Profile, 2002." (2002): ERIC. Network. February 11, 2014.Wolterbeek, Ellen. "Guatemala." Our World: Guatemala (2011): 1. MasterFILE Premier. Network. February 12. 2014.